Life :: essays research papers

Sitting on the white sandy beach of Kaanapali in Maui, Hawaii a young boy approached me begging for a dollar. Seeing that he really needed and wanted the money, I gave him without any thought. I actually gave the boy two dollars more than he asked. The boy looked at me and said, Why did you give me more than I asked, a question I was not prepared to answer. I told him to enjoy it because live is short. The boy looked me in the saying and said to me, Sir, what is life? Very amazed by his question, I told him I didnt really know. The boy smiled with me and ran off to play with his friends. But what is keep? Life is the greatest unknown it is a mysterious, unpredictable cascade of unbelievably amazing, unpremeditated experiences. Life is a true abyss, the truth may be right onwards your eyes or yet the truth may be so far from your eyes that trusting your eyes may be of dyer consequence. Knowing the divergence between the two adds another element of difficulty not many can sincerel y claim to have dealt with victoriously. Life is never what one would wish, as life feels no guilt, contorting ones hopes, aspirations and dreams to produce a never ending array of experiences. Life is never subject to control rather it has a sense of irony, sometimes indescribably so. Life is a teacher, an understatement that can be dismissed by no one. I myself have been time and time again a rob in the game of life. Life has taken away so much from many of us, but for good reasons, so as to allow us to discharge that we were blessed to have had so much to lose. Life has though offered us much more than we will ever know. But the greatest lesson life has taught us may be confined here in these words. We are all unique, all of our lives are unparalleled, and we are a mirror image of no one. pack find it amazing how quickly children can develop into teenagers and how seemingly regressed they are at the age of adulthood. Many of us have had various good and toughened experiences in life and have had to defy many choices that life has thrown at us, but I believe it is these decisions and choices that we make in life that make us who we are.

Edgar Allan Poe :: essays research papers

Absence of sweetheartEdgar Allan Poe sees infernal as a living brat to man because he lives in its presence. Parallel with the tragedies in his own life relating to the deaths of his young mother, wife and others he loved in his life. It is no wonder that he sees the absence of ravisher as evil, because he felt the terror and tragedy of the loss of his own life. In his stories he illustrates how the absence of beauty is the essence of evil.In &8220The Tell Tale Heart when the senile man&8217s eyes is closed he would non be killed because his eye is not considered ugly. That is why each darkness the man goes into his room to see if the eye is open. &8220&8230 but I found the eye always closed and so it was impossible to do the work for it was not the old man who vexed me, but his Evil Eye.(139) The eye when open represents the ugliness of the old man. When that ugliness is present, beauty is gone and evil is present. The ugliness of the old man&8217s open eye is the cause for his killer to kill him because evil is present and beauty is no where to be found. In &8220The Fall of the erect of Usher Madeline is beautiful once she gets sick her brother, Roderick, gets sick and everything seems to fall apart. Madeline&8217s beauty had kept the evil down and covered up. As Madeline gets sicker and sicker it gets worse and worse. Finally when Madeline dies beauty no long-lasting exists Roderick goes crazy and everything is destroyed because beauty was not there to cover up all the evil that they possessed. The absence of beauty caused all evil to break loose. The house collapses and Roderick is destroyed.In &8220The Black Cat the cat to him was beautiful and precious. &8220This latter was a remarkably large and beautiful animal, entirely black, and sagacious to an astonishing degree.(12) Beauty is what one person sees through his own eyes. &8220The cat followed me down the steep stairs, and nearly throwing me headlong, exasperated me to madness.(18) Once he sa w that the cat was no longer beautiful it causes him to murder his wife because all his evil was hidden and once that beauty that he saw died and became none existing everything he was hiding curiously his evil side came out caused him to kill.

Slavery in the Caribbean Essay -- Caribbean History

Slavery in the CaribbeanThe beginning of slavery in the Caribbean coffin nail be traced back to the emergence of piracy in the 16th and 17th centuries. This eventually led to the promotion of slave trading and sugar plantations. While enslaved on the sugar plantations, slaves were treated very poorly. Plantation owners treated their slaves so poorly that most were undernourished and diseased. Slaves were even forced to work on their spare period to provide for their own needs. Needless to say, slaves encountered cruel punishment that we cant even comprehend. The slaves however, continually resisted white supremacy causing much tension amid the two social classes. Despite this, a new social class was emerging, the free coloureds. This confused matters even worse and made for a bigger separation between white and slave. Eventually however, emancipation of slavery finally occurred in 1834.The first display of piracy was by John Hawkins who made a 60% profit on the first slaves he so ld. This eventually led to the promotion of slave trading and sugar plantations. By the 17th century, over 50% of slaves advent into the New World were being led to the Caribbean. This led to the emergence of the sugar plantations, which drastically changed the lives of everyone in the Caribbean. A slave society certainly emerged, as on that point was always a need for more slaves. The slave turnover ratio was tremendous as many died because of disease etc It became somewhat ridiculous because sugar mathematical product required many more slaves and not much more of a profit than cotton plantations. Slaves were treated quite harshly and in an unfair modal value and therefore the whole plantation system was degrading. There are many horrors that occurred on the plant... ...here there was going to be a slave insurrection.The emancipation of the slaves in the 19th century changed their title, yet they were still undermined. Emancipation started in 1834 when Britain started to legal ly abolish slavery (Knight, 167). In 1886, Cuba had freed its slaves and finally the whole slave society in the Caribbean had been abolished. However, once these new societies emerged, social tensions still existed among the settlers and colonists. Nonetheless, slave systems were emancipated for political and economical reasons. Economically, sugar plantations were declining in production and the rum became scarcer. Politically, hopes and pride began to grow in the Caribbean thus leading to a natural separation with their mother countries. However, the disintegration of the slave trade occurred inevitably and certainly was not caused by slave uprisings.

Hamlet Essay -- essays research papers

Is Hamlet Mad?     "I am but mad north-north-west when the wind is southerly I know a hawk from acarpenters saw" (II.ii.369-370). This is a classic example of the "wild and go near words"(I.v.134) with which Hamlet hopes will persuade people to believe that he is mad. Thesewords, however, prove that beneath his " conjuration disposition," (I.V.172). Hamlet is sane.Under his strange choice of imagery involving points of the compass, the weather, and hunt down birds, he is announcing that he is calculatedly choosing the times when to appearmad. Hamlet is saying that he knows a hunting hawk from a hunted "handsaw" or heron,in other words, that, very far form being mad, he is perfectly capable of recognizing hisenemies. Hamlets rabidity was faked for a purpose. He warned his friends he intended tofake madness, but Gertrude as well as Claudius saw by means of it, and even the slightlydull-witted Polonius was suspicious. His public character is one of insanity but, in his privatemoments of soliloquy, through his confidences to Horatio, and in his careful plans ofaction, we see that his madness is assumed.      After the Ghosts first appearance to Hamlet, Hamlet decides that when he finds it fitting or to his advantage, he will order on a mask of madness so to speak. He confides toHoratio that when he finds the occasion appropriate, he will "put an antic disposition on"(I.v.172). This strategy gives Hamlet a chance to find proof of Claudiuss guilt and tocontemplate his revenge tactical manoeuvre. Although he has sworn to penalize his fathers murder, he isnot sure of the Ghosts origins "The spirit that I have seen / May be the devil"(II.ii.584-585). He uses his apparent madness as a delaying tactic to buy time in which todiscover whether the Ghosts tale of murder is true and to decide how to handle thesituation. At the same time, he wants to appear unthreatening and blamel ess so that peoplewill divulge information to him, much in the same way that an adult will talk more or less animportant undercover in the presence of a young child. To convince everyone of his madness,Hamlet spends many hours walking back and forth alone in the lobby, speaking those"wild and whirling words" (I.V. 134) which make little sense on the surface but in factcarry a meaningful subtext.&... ...n addition, the letter Horatio from himthrough the embassador bound for England is clear and precise and shows no signs of aconfused mind.     Finally, I am convinced of Hamlets sanity by his very normal reactions to thepeople around him. He is perfectly sane, friendly and courteous with the players, givingthem good acting tips which they appreciate and respect. When Polonius and Claudius testthe theory of rejected love by "loosing" Ophelia to him, Hamlet acts exclusively rationally.He greets Ophelia sweetly, gets a little cold when he remember s that he has not seen her"for this many a day," is very hurt when she returns his remembrances, and becomescompletely furious, insulting womankind in general, when she lies to him about her fatherswhereabouts and he realizes he is being spied on. He reacts the way any hurt youngrejected lover would. In the end, it is surprising that he is able to go along up the charade offaking madness for so long, and part of his tragedy is that it doesnt help him anyway inthe end, he avenges his father by killing Claudius not through an act of madness, but as aresult of Claudiuss own treachery.

Embracing Higher Education :: College School Essays

Embracing Higher EducationUniversities are institutions where people derriere go and receive a higher richer teaching method. Anyone whether progeny or old, female or male, immigrant or national born can earn a college degree. A formal education can be secureed with desire, demand, and lust to do so. The World Book Encyclopedia defines Universities and Colleges as schools where one continues an education after high school. According to the World Book Encyclopedia a university or college education helps men and women enjoy richer, more meaningful lives. If something can give a person a richer, more meaningful life, then why isnt everyone running, jumping and rushing to get what the universities and colleges are giving? Each person has a different reason, but for most the reasons are the same repeating everywhere and over again. I do not want to go to college. I can not afford to go to college. I am to old to go to college.The path to a college or a university is not th e way for everyone. The ones who say, I dont want to go to college have legitimate reasons for not be an institution for higher education. A person can still lead a happy successful life without obtaining a degree. Not only can someone lead a happy life without a college degree, but they may also be educated.Gaining a higher education from a university or college is not the only way to enjoy a richer, more meaningful life. Many who have not obtained a college degree, are still successful, happy, and fulfilled individuals. Receiving a piece of paper, a degree from a university, does not guarantee a person anything, but a degree can be a long boost to say the least. A degree doesnt automatically give anyone happiness, success, money, or a job, but it can help a person obtain their goals and much more.In Jon Spaydes essay Learning In the Key of Life he says that education is gained through first-hand experiences. Spayde explains his definition of education as an education carp entered out of the best combination we can make of school, salon, reading, online exploration, walking the streets, hiking in the woods, museums, poetry classes at the Y, and friendship (62). Anything and everything, which we come in contact with or which comes in contact with us, becomes background that can be classified as an educational experience.

Karl Marxs Estranged Labor Essay example -- essays research papers fc

Karl Marxs Estranged Labor     In Karl Marxs early writing on "alienated repulse" there is a realize andprevailing focus on the plight of the wear downer. Marxs writing on estranged laboris an attempt to draw a stark distinction between airplane propeller owners and workers.In the writing Marx argues that the worker becomes estranged from his laborbecause he is not the recipient of the product he creates. As a result labor isobjectified, that is labor becomes the object of gays surviveence. As labor isobjectified man becomes disillusioned and enslaved. Marx argues that man becomesto be viewed as a commodity worth only the labor he creates and man is furtherreduced to a subsisting animal void of any capacity of freedom except the willto labor. For Marx this all leads to the emergence of private berth, theenemy of the proletariat. In feature Marxs writing on estranged labor is arepudiation of private property- a warning of how private property ensla ves theworker. This writing on estranged labor is an obvious point of basis for MarxsCommunist Manifesto.     The purpose of this paper is to view Marxs concept of alienation(estranged labor) and how it limits freedom. For Marx mans freedom isrelinquished or in fact wrested from his true nature once he becomes a laborer.This process is thoroughly explained throughout Estranged Labor. This get word willreveal this process and argue its validity. appendant to this study onalienation there will be a micro-study which will attempt to ascertain Marxsview of freedom (i.e. positive or negative). The study on alienation inconjunction with the micro-study on Marxs view of freedom will help not onlyreveal why Marx feels labor limits mans freedom, just now it will also identifyexactly what kind of freedom is being limited.     Karl Marx identifies estranged labor as labor alien to man. Marxexplains the condition of estranged labor as the result of man participating inan institution alien to his nature. It is my interpretation that man isalienated from his labor because he is not the reaper of what he sows. Becausehe is never the recipient of his efforts the laborer lacks identity with what hecreates. For Marx then labor is "alien to the worker...and...does not belongto his essential being." Marx identifies two expla... ...gative liberty. He states "...privateproperty is...the right to enjoy ones fortune and dispose of it as one willwithout regard for other men and independently of society." Private property forMarx is the mechanism by which man can be separate from other men and comply his(negative) liberty. Marxs writings on estranged labor and in The CommunistManifesto be a clear repudiation of private property. What can be deduced thenis that Marx does not favor negative liberties. Negative liberties requireprivate property to exist and private property is for Marx the enslaver of theproletariat. With negati ve freedom eliminated from the discussion we are leftwith Positive or prescribed freedoms. Positive freedom, as was identified above,is the freedom to pursue specified options. That is, freedom to do certainthings. Man is not necessarily given a choice of what these options are, he issimply free to pursue them some(prenominal) they may be. Positive freedoms then are thefreedoms Marx likely wishes to uphold by denouncing estranged labor.BibliographyBibliography1Marx, Karl, The Early Marx,2Marx, Karl and Engles, Freidrich, The Communist Manifesto, London, England,1888

Censorship in Literature Essay

The works of J.D. Salinger, Harper Lee, and John Steinbeck argon recognized as chaste literature masterpieces that dumbfound been tape by young students across the nation. Books such as the Catcher in the Rye, To Kill a Mockingbird, Of Mice and Men, and many more have all been banned from schools at one point since being published (Top). The banning of books in schools is considered as illegaliseship. There has been much controversy concerning the offensiveness of the profanity, racial comments, and sexual content these books are said to have. You would expect that readers nowa mean solar days be used to these types of elements in the books they read, but many school administrators salvage continue to censor specific books in hopes of keeping their students away from bad influences.To Kill a Mockingbird, I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, and Huckleberry Finn have all been challenged since the 1970s because of the racial comments made throughout the books. The Catcher in the Rye, The Diary of Anne Frank, and The Red Pony are just a few examples of books that have been challenged because the sexual content these books transport (Censored). If one were to read one of these books nowadays, it would be because a teacher had assigned the book to the student as a reading assignment.Would a teacher remove his students to read the first one hundred pages of a book if they thought the book had vulgar language and disturbing sexual content in it? It is apprehensible why a school would forbid its students to read books with adult content in it in the early to mid 1900s because of the sensitive subjects the authors were writing about. antiblack language was offensive to all races. The sexual content exhibited by the author in his books was offensive to the people that consider that the sexuality of a person is to preserve clean and pure. Now in the 21st century, sensitive subjects such as racism, sexuality and even profanity are the least bit of a readers worries. Our opinions on what should be censored in literature have changed since the 20th century.The reasons for censorship in literature have expanded from racism and profanity to religion and witchcraft as the years have passed. Bless me, Ultima by Rodulfo Anaya, and the Harry Potter series by J.K. Rowling have been banned because it is said that these modern books promote witchcraft, which is beyond offensive to many religions (Banned). In our current generation, all people worry about is how books will harm our religion and way of living. Racism and profanity is not much of a worry because most of our society has grown past racism and has grown used to the fact that profanity is something we encounter public.So, why are some of the most popular classic novels keep mum banned from some schools across the nation? It is believe that although our society has matured in the past century, schools still have some sort of policy which states that books must be age appropriate and related to the school curriculum (Coatney). Many schools believe that buy ban literature they are preventing kids from being exposed to adult content, but in reality, what schools believe that specific books should be rated R are really rated PG-13 to the minds of their students.Although schools and parents support the desire of censoring books because of their adult content, they do not realize that rather than protecting them, they are keeping them away from what fag end be valuable lessons. Books such as To Kill a Mockingbird and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn can contribute to the lesson that racism was never fair to begin with. By reading The Catcher in the Rye, the youthfulness can learn that there is more to life than just violence and sex. Students can truly learn from the books that have been censored throughout these many years because advanced school students are evolving and learning to formulate their own opinions in life, regardless of the amount of vulgar language, sexu al content, and violence that is in the books they choose to read (Censorship).However, there should be limits to how much adult and offensive content there is in books. For example Adolf Hitlers Mein Kampf is a book that encourages racism and violence era other books only promote the importance of goodness by exposing the bad. Books such as that are the type of books that can do some harm to the youth of our society. Also, there are some books in present day that should be censored because of their sexual content. Fifty Shades of Grey, written by E.L. James is, for example, also outspoken for the young readers of today. The sexual content in The Catcher in the Rye would be considered to be nothing compared to the work of E.L. James. Although every book cannot be kept away from each student, the books that are labeled as too explicit should at least be the ones to be banned from schools.Censorship has vie a large role in literature ever since authors have experimented with the ty pes of stories they can create by using different types of adult content to find out their lesson across. Many classic literatures that have been taught in schools for many years have been censored many times since the first time they were published, but people still find a way to make a positive lesson out of those books regardless of the content demonstrated by the author of the book. It is possible that one day books will not need to be censored because of how exposed our future generations will be due to what is exhibited out in the real world for everyday people to see.Works CitedBanned & Challenged Books. Good Reads. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Jan. 2013.CENSORED BOOKS IN THE USA. Bulletin 43 over Censored Books in the USA. Office for Intellectual Freedom, n.d. Web. 19 Jan. 2013.Censorship The Negative Effects Parents Dont Know About. Yahoo Contributor Network. N.p., 11 May 2009. Web. 21 Jan. 2013.Coatney, Sharon. Banned Books A School bibliothecs Perspective. Time.com. N.p., 22 Sept. 2000. Web. 20 Jan. 2013.Top 100 Banned/Challenged Books 2000-2009. American Library Association. N.p., n.d. Web.18 Jan. 2013.

Management Plan

1.1. Problem DefinitionThe company has been successful in securing considerable sales of around $5 million per annum. However, the company for some reason has been loosing sales. This problem has been there continuously for the last five years. The issue which our part is facing specifically is that we ar fashioning decreasing contributions towards the overall net profitability of the company.For the company, after a certain time, our department lead become a parasite if these sheaths of conditions persist. Therefore the companys top management, such as Carol and others might decide and be adamant to close and/or sell off our department. Though this might topic the company a net loss but closing down our department may offer cutting further losses in coming(prenominal) to the company. On the other hand all employees working for and either forthwith or in involvely associated with this department have their jobs at stake unless the department starts earning1.2. muckleMy depar tment should be designed in a flat hierarchical structure. I would design the job specification of my subordinates in such a demeanor so as to enable them to have the least number of levels to jump to reach me for discussion(s) on any relevant issues. I would encourage the employees through step forward the department to have themselves integrated not as individuals but as one. This would help in asserting a clear and transparent management of every one on the efforts they contribute to achieve the collective goals of the organization. This will also reveal the issues related to employees regarding the decreasing sales of our department.1.3. Mission StatementTo provide the surpass quality cleaning solution to healthcare customers, bundled with the customer service beyond their expectations. To give Value for Money.1.4. Establish goals & objectivesThe department needs to and will start generating meshwork in the near future. For this purpose the first and foremost objective is to develop different models and use of the different available techniques to analyze the existing, past, and potential customers, their demographics, their demand type/frequency and there patterns of purchasing & using our products. The most likely reasons that they shifted from us or reduced there purchases from us. We would also analyze and try to find emerge what our nearest competitors are offering in comparison to what we offer and what can we potentially offer.2. Communicate2.1. Identify stakeholdersThe stakeholders in our case includeThe employees who are directly or indirectly linked to our department.The top management personnel such as Carol.The customers, the hospitals which account for 85% of our sales.Myself, the newly appointed departmental head.2.2. Frame converseI as the departmental head would rather suggest an open meeting at the end of each day, similar to that what Japanese do, and I will try to analyze and grasp the grass root of any problem so that it can be ca ched and cured there n then.2.3. Plan dialogueI would set the necessary procedures such as enclosed messages or e-mails to inform only my team members for specific department related meeting. This would ensure direct communication with privacy.2.4. Communication with stakeholdersAll the stakeholders would be informed via a formal channel such as a personalized mail, e-mail and/or a news letter. Since all stakeholders are to be informed there fore we are using such methods so as to actually make a sort of announcement for the meeting.2.5. Channels of communicationsWhere n= the no. people communicating with each other (i.e. 6 in our case)= n (n-1)/2=6(6-1)/2= 15 channels of communication3. Cooperate3.1. Methods of cooperationThe Individuals Team ContributionThe Teams PerformanceBehaviors/Process Results (Individual)Behaviors/Process Results (Team)3.2. Competition among team membersThe competition between the team members is a good approach specially in the case of sales staff. Even other than sales staff, members of the department performing other activities can also compete in terms of their productivity and how a great deal they contribute towards their job i.e. apart from their normal schedule of duties how much do they put in genuine efforts in going beyond what is required for the sake of the companys overall Good.4.Follow Though4.1. west by southTotal proposals required per year= 2000As per 2-5 there are 6 employees including me, therefore assuming the 5 employees be there2000/12= proposals per month = 167167/5= 33.225000/12/5= 417.4.2. AccountabilityThe figures given above are the minimum target that need to be achieved. They form the basic standards and actually serve as the benchmarks for anyones accountability regarding his/her job..5. Evaluate5.1. Outline of performanceThe performance measurement would purely be based on its the type of activities being conducted and the results that are being yield as a result of these activities. This includes, f or example, comparing revenues, productivity, etc.5.2. PerformanceAdequate performance was given. However if the performance would have been inadequate than I would scrutinize the Work Breakdown Structure and try sorting out where the problem persists and what caused the performance to be inadequate.5.3. OptimisticIf I would have been optimistic with some(prenominal) I predicted than I would surely had placed relatively much higher targets than normal ones. This might have led to unachievable targets and hence frustration by the employees causing them to get disturbed and the productivity would have decreased.ReferencesGareth R. Jones, Jennifer M. George & Charles W. L. Hill (2005) Principles of Management. McGraw-Hill

English As Official Language In United States Essay

Introduction The United States of America is the melting pot of cultures and values permeated to its American way of life. Along this line, this cultures and values bring with them its languages so comical with each another(prenominal) culture that as such ethnic people grew over times the language also conquers the different corners of the great American Dream. Now, slope language is in a precarious situation whether or not it is pipe down viable to allow it to remain as US ex officio language. And since a significant number of US nationals feel comfortable speaking a language other than position, the federal government should reconsider English as the official language of the United States.This paper will examine the evolution of English as an American language. Also, it will explore the dimension of the English Only fecal matter (EOM) and the Melting Pot Theory in relation to English as an official American language.English Language In 2001, Harrop reported that from the r ecently reason out 2002 U.S. census revealed that 49 percent of Latinos in America are not fluent in English. As the fastest growing United States minority, the Hispanic people represents 12.5 percent of the population. Harrop also revealed that the Hispanics legal picture is astonishing as EEOC data revealed that the complaints lodge before it have more than doubled in 5 years and settlements have risen to over $50 meg (Harrop, 2001).The United States inhabitants have never had any official language to speak of. all over 6 % of United States primary school children were instructed in German until the World War I and now over 45 million American nationals still state that their forefathers spoke German. The large scale immigration of the 20th century led to the inhabitance of multilingual people inside the US, thus, around 336 different languages are instanter spoken which comprise 176 endemic dialects. Also, more than 47 million American nationals use a language other than E nglish within their homes including 30 million Spanish speakers. When the US Senate ballotd to select English as the official language and prohibited the use of other languages for federal government orders and services with a vote of 63-34, the US Senate it self was placed in a dilemma as the law barred effectively other languages is the US documents. Thus, Oklahoma Republican Senator pack Inhofe offered an amendment to remedy this problem because it split the Senate along largely party lines, with only nine of the 44 Democrats voting for it, and just one Republican voting against (Cornwell 2006). On the part of former Democratic minority (now Majority) leader Harry Reid, he identified this amendment as racist whereas Ken Salazar, a Colorado Democrat of Hispanic origin, described it as divisive and anti-American (Cornwell, 2006).The rationale for these two statements issued by US Senates distinguished members hinges on the fact that law passed neglects any provide for services i n languages other than English. This would be a problematic situation for those Americans who cannot speak English fluently. Also, the law in effect would also force modern immigrants to have considerable knowledge of English language before they get US nationality. On the historical hindsight, English language was voted out German by a difference of just one vote when it was selected as the official language of the US by Congressmen in the year 1795 (Cornwell 2006). In protecting the minoritys right on education, the Majority (through the US Congress) passed into law the Bilingual Education Act of 1968. This act protects the immigrants who were limited English proficient and at the alike time meet their needs as they assimilate to the American society.Crawford revealed the law was enacted when the US was the apex of the Great Society and was signed into law by prexy Johnson without a single voice raised in dissent. In hatred of this landmark legislations noble aims, the America ns public has spent the past 30 years debating what the law wants to accomplish.Thus, following questions were raised was this 1968 law intended primarily to assimilate limited-English-proficient (LEP) children more efficiently? to teach them English as rapidly as possible? to encourage bilingualism and biliteracy? to remedy academic underachievement and high dropout rates? to raise the self-esteem of minority students? to promote social equality? or to pursue all of these goals at the same time? These questions were never answered in the Congress journals of its proceedings (50).English Only MovementThe English Only Movement (EOM), a movement initiated in the 1980s, is a prolongation of the procedure of domestic colonialism which leads to other languages which are spoken by minorities demolition.In 1979, a Carnegie Corporations report pointed out that bilingual education was the superior civilised rights issue within Hispanic communities (Penna & Shepherd p. 147). Thus, the bil ingual education became a key issue that create distress in the Mexican familiarity inside the United States according to different researches carried out by the U.S. Civil Rights Commission ( 1967- 1975).The researches also reveled that the US academic system was thought of as beingness against the cultural traditions of the Mexican population resulting to a negative effects on the Mexicans including inferiority complexes. It is in this instance that the community traditions and customs eradication is no doubt, an revilement of the basic civil rights of these people in reckon to communitys linguistic and cultural survival.On the domestic front, the English Only Movements amendment in the state of California was a triumph for those who support the use of English as an official language. It gave legal status to an issue that goes against biculturalism and bilingualism.The between 1986 and 1989, voters and legislators in thirty-nine states took into account plans analogous to that of Californian amendment. This led to the appearance of 17 states with English as the official language. The English Only Movement is successful in bringing bilingual education polity to the leading position of national debate that includes questions, the approach of scientific teachings of bilingual education and a federal gag law that could shed light as to why English should be the official language of the United States.Melting Pot TheoryThe current discussion over the bilingualism is hinges on the theory that the United States is an assimilationist society or a form of society embracing more minority groups and culture traditions. And this theory is very old. though this was the case, there were just about exchanging of views forcefully stating that United States is a melting pot, which theorizes that people of various nations settle in America and forced to resemble which means to last an American completely.Lawmakers Push Official English reported in the Washington Post revealed that the March 14 to 16 poll of 1,007, with a margin of phantasm of three percentage points showed that 63 percent of Americans would like to have their ballots and voting materials only in English as compared to those 35 percent who wanted them printed in English and other languages (Lawmakers Push Official English, A06).The results in this opinion poll adheres to the results of the Myths of the Melting Pots study which, though noble as it is, diffuse all throughout a wrong ideas about languages which are mostly not challenged nor supported by historical records. In fact, US language policys history on the subject or lack of one both work at lower consequences than the logical basis for official English language and provide a warning lesson about any actions to restricting languages which are rarely in use. The following are points to ponder in this regardUnfavorable to the myth, the United States has never been a basic speaking and/or using only one language country. B y the period of time, one from viii of permanent inhabitants reported a languages background other than English in 1976, this is variety of nothing new but some skilled persons in languages or study of languages believe that the United States has been the habitant of more persons able to speak two languages than any other nation in the history of the world. As early as 1664, when the colony of the New Netherlands came into possession of British, eighteen different languages were spoken on Manhattan Island, not including the language spoken by the local inhabitants of America which were numbered more than pentad hundred in North America at the time.Considering the US history, the prevailing federal policy on languages has only maintained tolerance and adjustments. In spite of the language variety in 1787, the famous took no interest to protect or encourage English United States constituents. Because discussion were held in private and we essential depend on pile Madisons informal notes, it is not clear, if any language issues came up during the federal agreement on social port in Philadelphia (Farrand 1913). But available facts strongly suggest that our early leaders regarded language laws of any type as a cause of harm to civil freedom from captivity.Recognizing about rarely spoken languages reflected bilingual and non-English language schools which were ordinary in many districts until the long time period of World War I. In 1710, British missionaries were invited to maintain schools among the Iroquois League of Ally States, with the demand that students should be informed or taught with their national languages. Parts of bible which were translated in Mohawk language were include in the texts used. In 1802, Congress began a yearly devotion of ($15,000) to encourage civilization among the old inhabitants (before the arrival of colonists). This money was devoted to religious schools in which many schools were bilingual.The liberation policy on languages was the best and ideal policy for this country, but it is no upheld especially among people conquered and angry for supposed un-justice people living in colonies and some racial people. Attitudes of the 19th centuries towards their right of language were considerably less tolerant than say towards speakers of German, French or Scandinavian languagesConclusionLanguage is another(prenominal) example of making sure that the classs position in society prevails. This paper has shown the many ways that minority languages are saved from absolution in the US. For this reason, it is important to known by the baffling ways in which this is happening.Official English/English Onlys websites revealed that english as the nations dominant language is no more threatened at the turn of the 21st century than it was at the turn of the 20th. To the contrary, it is all the other languages that are endanger and would soon die out, if not for the replenishing effects of immigration (Official English/Eng lish Only, n.p.).English as an official US language has been an issue for decades by which some influential groups/people have been trying to restrict other languages and promote English Language. On the other hand, this policy has not been accepted nor approved by the majority of Americans as it is discriminatory to other equal language. This idea is not hidden. Making English as the US official language is the agenda of duster Americans it also unveils the approach of White American as they dont want more immigrants from the third world countries. It will be discriminatory to other language and this moved, if ever, is contrary to the hope and aspirations why this country was founded and continued to be strong.Works CitedCornwell, Rupert. May 20, 2006. At last, America has an official language (and yes, its English) Independent, The (London)James Crawford. Language Politics in the U.S.A. The Paradox of Bilingual Education. Journal Social Justice. Volume 25. Issue 3. Year 1998. Pa ge Number 50Maureen E. Harrop. Managing a Non-English-Speaking manpower Hispanic Americans Brief Article Statistical Data Included. Modern Machine Shop, Nov, 2001 http//findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m3101/is_6_74/ai_79900955 Accessed, April 21, 2007Lawmakers Push Official English Bills Tied to Immigration Reform. The Washington Times. payoff Date April 3, 2006. Page Number A06.Official English/English Only . n.d. http//www.elladvocates.org/englishonly.html Accessed, April 21, 2007David Penna and George W. Shepherd Jr. Racism and the Underclass State Policy and Discrimination against Minorities.Publisher Greenwood Press. commit of Publication New York. Year 1991. Page Number 145.

Economics Test Bank Chapter 14

Chapter 14 Firms in belligerent marts Multiple Choice 1. A FIRM HAS MARKET POWER IF IT CAN a. maximize scratch. b. defame woos. c. determine the food securities industry bell of the good it shell outs. d. hire as umpteen workers as it needs at the prevailing wage rate. autonomic nervous systemCPTS1DIF1REF14-0 NATAnalyticLOC arrant(a) controversyTOPMarket power duple sclerosisDefinitional 2. A book store that has foodstuff power can a. act the securities industry expenditure for the books it sells. b. minimize costs more efficiently than its competitors. c. reduce its advertisement budget more so than its competitors. d. ignore profit- increase strategies when setting the terms for its books. autonomic nervous systemAPTS1DIF1REF14-0 NATAnalyticLOC perfective tense competitorTOPMarket power manuscriptapplicative 3. The analysis of hawkish tautens sheds light on the decisions that lie behind the a. demand curve. b. supply curve. c. way immobiles defe cate pricing decisions in the non-for-profit sector of the economy. d. way monetary trades set interest rates. autonomic nervous systemBPTS1DIF1REF14-0 NATAnalyticLOC amend competitionTOP hawkish grocery stores multiple sclerosis interpretative 4. For any emulous market, the supply curve is c getly related to the a. preferences of consumers who purchase yields in that market. b. income tax rates of consumers in that market. c. blind drunks costs of harvest-homeion in that market. d. interest rates on g everyplacenment bonds. autonomic nervous systemCPTS1DIF1REF14-0 NATAnalyticLOC blameless competitionTOP warlike markets disseminated sclerosisinterpretive 5. allege a loaded in each of the ii markets listed below were to increase its set by 20 percent. In which pair would the house in the first market listed experience a dramatic decline in sales, but the smashed in the second market listed would not? a. corn and soybeans b. flatulency and restaurants c. water and cable television d. spiral notebooks and college textbooks autonomic nervous systemDPTS1DIF2REF14-0 NATAnalyticLOC arrant(a) competitionTOP hawkish markets disseminated sclerosis practical 6. Suppose a solid in each of the two markets listed below were to increase its toll by 30 percent.In which pair would the satisfying in the first market listed experience a dramatic decline in sales, but the libertine in the second market listed would not? a. oil and natural gas b. cable television and gasoline c. restaurants and MP3 players d. movie theaters and ballpoint pens autonomic nervous systemBPTS1DIF2REF14-0NATAnalyticLOC sodding(a) competitionTOPCompetitive markets disseminated sclerosis applicatory What is a Competitive Market? 1. A KEY CHARACTERISTIC OF A COMPETITIVE MARKET IS THAT a. government antimonopoly laws regulate competition. b. producers sell nearly identical products. c. firms minimize check costs. d. firms feel charge setting power. ANSBPTS1DIF1RE F14-1 NATAnalyticLOC perfect(a) competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSCDefinitional 2. Which of the pursuit is not a symptomatic of a belligerent market? a. Buyers and sellers argon set takers. b. Each firm sells a virtually identical product. c. Entry is limited. d. Each firm chooses an yield level that maximizes profits. ANSCPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOC accurate competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSCDefinitional 3. Which of the next is a characteristic of a militant market? a. thither be umpteen buyers but few sellers. b. Firms sell differentiated products. c. There argon many barriers to entry. d. Buyers and sellers are price takers. ANSDPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOC consummate competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSCDefinitional 4. Who is a price taker in a competitive market? a. buyers tho b. sellers only c. both buyers and sellers d. neither buyers nor sellers ANSCPTS1DIF1REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOC stainless competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSCDefinitional 5. Competitive markets are characterized by a. a small number of buyers and sellers. b. unique products. c. the interdependence of firms. d. innocent entry and exit by firms. ANSDPTS1DIF1REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOC consummate(a) competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSCDefinitional 6. A market is competitive if (i) firms look at the flexibility to price their own product. (ii) each buyer is small compared to the market. (iii) each seller is small compared to the market. a. (i) and (ii) only b. (i) and (iii) only c. (ii) and (iii) only d. (i), (ii), and (iii) ANSCPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSCInterpretive 7. A firm that has little ability to influence market prices operates in a a. competitive market. b. strategic market. c. issue market. d. power market. ANSAPTS1DIF1REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSCDefinitional 8. In a competitive market, the actions of any single buyer or seller testament a. arrive a negligible impact on the market price. b. abide little effect on market equilibrium measuring rod but pass on adjoin market equilibrium price. c. affect fringy receipts and medium taxation but not price. d. adversely affect the profitability of more than one firm in the market. ANSAPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSCInterpretive 9. In a competitive market, the actions of any single buyer or seller entrust a. discourage entry by competitors. b. influence the profits of separate firms in the market. c. have a negligible impact on the market price. d. None of the to a higher place is invent. ANSCPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSCInterpretive 10. Because the goods offered for sale in a competitive market are largely the same, a. there allow for be few sellers in the market. b. there testament be few buyers in the market. c. only a few buyers will have market power. d. seller s will have little reason to charge less than the going market price. ANSDPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSCInterpretive 11. Which of the following is not a characteristic of a abruptly competitive market? a. Firms are price takers. b. Firms have difficulty projecting the market. c. There are many sellers in the market. d. Goods offered for sale are largely the same. ANSBPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSCInterpretive 12. Which of the following is not a characteristic of a perfectly competitive market? a. Firms are price takers. b. Firms can freely enter the market. c. Many firms have market power. d. Goods offered for sale are largely the same. ANSCPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSCInterpretive 3. Free entry means that a. the government pays any entry costs for individual firms. b. no legal barriers prevent a firm from entering an industry. c. a fi rms borderline cost is zero. d. a firm has no fixed costs in the short run. ANSBPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSCInterpretive 14. Which of the following industries is most likely to exhibit the characteristic of free entry? a. nuclear power b. municipal water and sewer c. dairy farming d. airport surety ANSCPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSCapplicative 15. Which of the following industries is most likely to exhibit the characteristic of free entry? a. cable television b. major planet radio c. mineral mining d. t-shirt silkscreening ANSDPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSCApplicative 16. Which of the following industries is least likely to exhibit the characteristic of free entry? a. restaurants b. municipal water and sewer c. soybean farming d. selling running apparel ANSBPTS1DIF2REF14-1NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSCApplicative 17. Which of the following industries is least likely to exhibit the characteristic of free entry? a. selling running apparel b. wheat farming c. yoga studios d. satellite radio ANSDPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSCApplicative 8. When buyers in a competitive market take the selling price as given, they are said to be a. market entrants. b. monopolists. c. free riders. d. price takers. ANSDPTS1DIF1REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSCDefinitional 19. When firms are said to be price takers, it implies that if a firm raises its price, a. buyers will go elsewhere. b. buyers will pay the higher price in the short run. c. competitors will also raise their prices. d. firms in the industry will exercise market power. ANSAPTS1DIF2REF14-1NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSCInterpretive 20. Which of the following statements best reflects a price-taking firm? a. If the fir m were to charge more than the going price, it would sell none of its goods. b. The firm has an fillip to charge less than the market price to earn higher taxation enhancement. c. The firm can sell only a limited amount of getup at the market price before the market price will fall. d. damage-taking firms maximize profits by charging a price above borderline cost. ANSAPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSCInterpretive 1. Why does a firm in a competitive industry charge the market price? a. If a firm charges less than the market price, it loses potential gross. b. If a firm charges more than the market price, it loses all its customers to other firms. c. The firm can sell as many wholes of outfit as it wants to at the market price. d. either of the above are correct. ANSDPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSCInterpretive 22. In a competitive market, no single producer can influence the market price because a. many other sellers are offering a product that is ssentially identical. b. consumers have more influence over the market price than producers do. c. government intervention prevents firms from influencing price. d. producers agree not to change the price. ANSAPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSCInterpretive 23. A competitive firm would benefit from charging a price below the market price because the firm would achieve (i) higher middling gross. (ii) higher profits. (iii) get jibe costs. a. (i) only b. (ii) and (iii) only c. (i), (ii), and (iii) d. None of the above is correct. ANSDPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSCInterpretive 24. Which of the following characteristics of competitive markets is necessary for firms to be price takers? (i) There are many sellers. (ii) Firms can freely enter or exit the market. (iii) Goods offered for sale are largely the same. a. (i) and ( ii) only b. (i) and (iii) only c. (ii) only d. (i), (ii), and (iii) ANSBPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSCInterpretive 25. Suppose a firm in a competitive market reduces its rig by 20 percent. As a result, the price of its output is likely to a. increase. b. remain unchanged. c. decrease by less than 20 percent. d. decrease by more than 20 percent. ANSBPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSC uninflected 26. The Doris Dairy Farm sells milk to a dairy broker in Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin. Because the market for milk is generally considered to be competitive, the Doris Dairy Farm does not a. choose the quantity of milk to produce. b. choose the price at which it sells its milk. c. have any fixed costs of yield. d. set borderline taxation equal to bare(a) cost to maximize profit. ANSBPTS1DIF2REF14-1NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSCInterpretive 27. The Doris Dairy Fa rm sells milk to a dairy broker in Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin. Because the market for milk is generally considered to be competitive, the Doris Dairy Farm does not choose the a. quantity of milk to produce. b. price at which it sells its milk. c. profits it earns. d. tout ensemble of the above are correct. ANSBPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSCInterpretive 28. In a competitive market, a. no single buyer or seller can influence the price of the product. b. there are only a small number of sellers. c. the goods offered by the different sellers are unique. d. chronicle profit is driven to zero as firms freely enter and exit the market. ANSAPTS1DIF1REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSCInterpretive 29. Which of the following statements regarding a competitive market is not correct? a. There are many buyers and many sellers in the market. b. Because of firm location or product differences, some firms can cha rge a higher price than other firms and still maintain their sales volume. c. worth and average receipts are equal. d. outlay and borderline tax revenue are equal. ANSBPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSCInterpretive 30. Which of the following statements regarding a competitive market is not correct? a. There are many buyers and many sellers in the market. b. Firms can freely enter or exit the market. c. Price equals average revenue. d. Price exceeds bare(a) revenue. ANSDPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSCInterpretive 31. One of the defining characteristics of a perfectly competitive market is a. a small number of sellers. b. a large number of buyers and a small number of sellers. c. a similar product. d. significant advertising by firms to promote their products. ANSCPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSCDefinitional 32. Which of the following firms is the closest to being a perfectly competitive firm? a. a importunate dog vendor in New York b. Microsoft Corporation c. Ford Motor Company d. the campus bookstore ANSAPTS1DIF1REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSCApplicative 33. Which of the following firms is the closest to being a perfectly competitive firm? a. the New York Yankees b. Apple, Inc. c. DeBeers diamond wholesalers d. a wheat farmer in Kansas ANSDPTS1DIF1REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSCApplicative 34. Firms that operate in perfectly competitive markets try to a. maximize revenues. b. maximize profits. c. equate fringy revenue with average total cost. d. All of the above are correct. ANSBPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSCInterpretive 35. A seller in a competitive market can a. sell all he wants at the going price, so he has little reason to charge less. b. influence the market price by adjusting hi s output. c. influence the profits earned by competing firms by adjusting his output. d. All of the above are correct. ANSAPTS1DIF1REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSCInterpretive 36. A seller in a competitive market a. can sell all he wants at the going price, so he has little reason to charge less. b. will lose all his customers to other sellers if he raises his price. c. considers the market price to be a take it or leave it price. d. All of the above are correct. ANSDPTS1DIF1REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSCInterpretive 7. In a perfectly competitive market, a. no one seller can influence the price of the product. b. price exceeds marginal revenue for each unit sold. c. average revenue exceeds marginal revenue for each unit sold. d. All of the above are correct. ANSAPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSCInterpretive 38. For a firm in a competitive market, an increase i n the quantity produced by the firm will result in a. a decrease in the products market price. b. an increase in the products market price. c. no change in the products market price. d. either an increase or no change in the products market price depending on the number of firms in the market. ANSCPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSCInterpretive 39. If Cathys chocolate Emporium sells its product in a competitive market, then a. the price of that product depends on the quantity of the product that Cathys Coffee Emporium produces and sells because Cathys Coffee Emporiums demand curve is downward sloping. b. Cathys Coffee Emporiums total revenue must be proportional to its quantity of output. c. Cathys Coffee Emporiums total cost must be a constant multiple of its quantity of output. d. Cathys Coffee Emporiums total revenue must be equal to its average revenue. ANSBPTS1DIF3REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOP substance revenue MS C analytic 40. Changes in the output of a perfectly competitive firm, without any change in the price of the product, will change the firms a. total revenue. b. marginal revenue. c. average revenue. d. All of the above are correct. ANSAPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPTotal revenue MSCAnalytical 41.If a firm in a perfectly competitive market triples the quantity of output sold, then total revenue will a. more than triple. b. less than triple. c. scarce triple. d. Any of the above whitethorn be true depending on the firms labor productivity. ANSCPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPTotal revenue MSCAnalytical 42. When a competitive firm doubles the quantity of output it sells, its a. total revenue doubles. b. average revenue doubles. c. marginal revenue doubles. d. profits must increase. ANSAPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPTotal revenueMSCAnalytical 43. If a firm in a competitive market doubles its number of units sol d, total revenue for the firm will a. more than double. b. double. c. increase but by less than double. d. may increase or decrease depending on the price elasticity of demand. ANSBPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPTotal revenue MSCAnalytical set back 14-1 Quantity Price 0 $5 1 $5 2 $5 3 $5 4 $5 5 $5 6 $5 7 $5 8 $5 9 $5 44. bear on to panel 14-1. The price and quantity relationship in the tabulate is most likely a demand curve faced by a firm in a a. monopoly. b. concentrated market. c. competitive market. d. strategic market. ANSCPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSCAnalytical 45. Refer to send back 14-1.Over which range of output is average revenue equal to price? a. 1 to 5 units b. 3 to 7 units c. 5 to 9 units d. comely revenue is equal to price over the entire range of output. ANSDPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOP modal(a) revenue MSCAnalytical 46. Refer to plug-in 14-1. Ov er what range of output is marginal revenue declining? a. 1 to 6 units b. 3 to 7 units c. 7 to 9 units d. bare(a) revenue is constant over the entire range of output. ANSDPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOP fringy revenue MSCAnalytical 47. Refer to get across 14-1. If the firm doubles its output from 3 to 6 units, total revenue will a. increase by less than $15. b. increase by exactly $15. c. increase by more than $15. d. Total revenue cannot be determined from the information provided. ANSBPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPTotal revenue MSCApplicative Table 14-2 The table represents a demand curve faced by a firm in a competitive market. Price Quantity $4 0 $4 1 $4 2 $4 3 $4 4 $4 5 48. Refer to Table 14-2. A firm operating in a competitive market maximizes total revenue by producing a. 2 units. b. 3 units. c. 4 units. d. as many units as possible. ANSDPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPTotal revenue MSCApplica tive 49. Refer to Table 14-2. For a firm operating in a competitive market, the average revenue from selling 3 units is a. $12. b. $4. c. $3. d. $1. 25. ANSBPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPAverage revenue MSCApplicative 50. Refer to Table 14-2. For a firm operating in a competitive market, the marginal revenue from selling the 3rd unit is a. $12. b. $4. c. $3. d. $1. 25. ANSBPTS1DIF3REF14-1NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPMarginal revenue MSCApplicative Table 14-3 Quantity Total gross 0 $0 1 $7 2 $14 3 $21 4 $28 51. Refer to Table 14-3. For a firm operating in a competitive market, the price is a. $0. b. $7. c. $14. d. $21. ANSBPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSCApplicative 52.Refer to Table 14-3. For a firm operating in a competitive market, the marginal revenue is a. $0. b. $7. c. $14. d. $21. ANSBPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPMarginal revenue MSCApplicative 53. Refer to Tabl e 14-3. For a firm operating in a competitive market, the average revenue is a. $21. b. $14. c. $7. d. $0. ANSCPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPAverage revenue MSCApplicative Table 14-4 Quantity Total receipts 0 $0 1 $15 2 $30 3 $45 4 $60 54. Refer to Table 14-4. For a firm operating in a competitive market, the price is a. $45. b. $30. c. $15. d. $0. ANSCPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSCApplicative 55. Refer to Table 14-4. For a firm operating in a competitive market, the marginal revenue is a. $45. b. $30. c. $15. d. $0. ANSCPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPMarginal revenue MSCApplicative 56.Refer to Table 14-4. For a firm operating in a competitive market, the average revenue is a. $45. b. $30. c. $15. d. $0. ANSCPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPAverage revenue MSCApplicative Table 14-5 Quantity Total Revenue 12 $132 13 $143 14 $154 15 $165 16 $176 57. R efer to Table 14-5.The price of the product is a. $9. b. $11. c. $13. d. $15. ANSBPTS1DIF1REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSCApplicative 58. Refer to Table 14-5. The average revenue when 14 units are produced and sold is a. $9. b. $11. c. $13. d. $15. ANSBPTS1DIF1REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPAverage revenue MSCAnalytical 59. Refer to Table 14-5. The marginal revenue of the 12th unit is a. $9. b. $10. c. $11 d. The marginal revenue cannot be determined without knowing the total revenue when 11 units are sold. ANSCPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPMarginal revenue MSCAnalytical Table 14-6 The following table presents cost and revenue information for a firm operating in a competitive industry. COSTS REVENUES Quantity Total Marginal Quantity Price Total Marginal Produced Cost Cost Demanded Revenue Revenue 0 $100 0 $120 1 $150 1 $120 2 $202 2 $120 3 $257 3 $120 4 $317 4 $120 5 $385 5 $120 6 $465 6 $120 7 $562 7 $120 8 $682 8 $120 60. Refer to Table 14-6. What is the total revenue from selling 7 units? a. $120 b. $490 c. $562 d. $840 ANSDPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPTotal revenue MSCApplicative 61. Refer to Table 14-6. What is the total revenue from selling 4 units? a. $120 b. $257 c. $317 d. $480 ANSDPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPTotal revenue MSCApplicative 62. Refer to Table 14-6. What is the marginal revenue from selling the 3rd unit? a. $55 b. $120 c. $137 d. $140 ANSBPTS1DIF2REF14-1NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPMarginal revenue MSCApplicative 63. Refer to Table 14-6. What is the average revenue when 4 units are sold? a. $60 b. $120 c. $125 d. $197 ANSBPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPAverage revenue MSCApplicative 64. Which of the following statements is correct? a. For all firms, marginal revenue equals the price of the good. b. Only for competi tive firms does average revenue equal the price of the good. c. Marginal revenue can be calculated as total revenue divided by the quantity sold. d. Only for competitive firms does average revenue equal marginal revenue. ANSDPTS1DIF3REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competition TOPAverage revenue Marginal revenueMSCInterpretive 65. Suppose a firm in a competitive market earned $1,000 in total revenue and had a marginal revenue of $10 for the last unit produced and sold. What is the average revenue per unit, and how many units were sold? a. $5 and 50 units b. $5 and 100 units c. $10 and 50 units d. $10 and 100 units ANSDPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPAverage revenue MSCApplicative 66. Which of the following statements regarding a competitive firm is correct? a. Because demand is downward sloping, if a firm increases its level of output, the firm will have to charge a lower price to sell the additional output. b. If a firm raises its price, the firm may be able to increase its total revenue even though it will sell fewer units. c. By lowering its price below the market price, the firm will benefit from selling more units at the lower price than it could have sold by charging the market price. d. For all firms, average revenue equals the price of the good. ANSDPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPAverage revenue MSCAnalytical 67. Suppose a firm in a competitive market produces and sells 150 units of output and earns $1,800 in total revenue from the sales. If the firm increases its output to two hundred units, the average revenue of the 200th unit will be a. less than $12. b. more than $12. c. $12. d. Any of the above may be correct depending on the price elasticity of demand for the product. ANSCPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPAverage revenue MSCAnalytical 68. Suppose a firm in a competitive market produces and sells 150 units of output and earns $1,800 in total revenue from the sales. If the firm increases its output to 200 units, total revenue will be a. $2,000. b. $2,400. c. $4,200. d. We do not have decent information to answer the question. ANSBPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPTotal revenue MSCAnalytical 69.Firms operating in competitive markets produce output levels where marginal revenue equals a. price. b. average revenue. c. total revenue divided by output. d. All of the above are correct. ANSDPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competition TOPMarginal revenue Average revenueMSCApplicative 70. For a competitive firm, a. total revenue equals average revenue. b. total revenue equals marginal revenue. c. total cost equals marginal revenue. d. average revenue equals marginal revenue. ANSDPTS1DIF1REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competition TOPMarginal revenue Average revenueMSCDefinitional 71.Suppose that a firm operating in perfectly competitive market sells 100 units of output. Its total revenues from the sale are $500. Which of the following statements is correct? (i) Marginal revenue equals $5. (ii) Average revenue equals $5. (iii) Price equals $5. a. (i) only b. (iii) only c. (i) and (ii) only d. (i), (ii), and (iii) ANSDPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPMarginal revenue Average revenueMSCAnalytical 72. Suppose that a firm operating in perfectly competitive market sells 200 units of output at a price of $3 each. Which of the following statements is correct? (i) Marginal revenue equals $3. (ii) Average revenue equals $600. (iii) Average revenue exceeds marginal revenue, but we fall apartt know by how much. a. (i) only b. (iii) only c. (i) and (ii) only d. (i), (ii), and (iii) ANSAPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competition TOPMarginal revenue Average revenueMSCAnalytical 73. Suppose that a firm operating in perfectly competitive market sells 300 units of output at a price of $3 each. Which of the following statements is correct? (i) Marginal revenue equals $3. (ii) Average revenue equals $100. (iii) Total revenue equals $300. a. (i) only b. (iii) only c. (i) and (ii) only d. (i), (ii), and (iii) ANSAPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competition TOPMarginal revenue Average revenueMSCAnalytical 74. Suppose that a firm operating in perfectly competitive market sells 400 units of output at a price of $4 each. Which of the following statements is correct? (i) Marginal revenue equals $4. (ii) Average revenue equals $100. (iii) Total revenue equals $1,600. a. (i) only b. (iii) only c. (i) and (iii) only d. (i), (ii), and (iii) ANSCPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competition TOPMarginal revenue Average revenueMSCAnalytical 75. For a firm operating in a competitive industry, which of the following statements is not correct? a. Price equals average revenue. b. Price equals marginal revenue. c. Total revenue is constant. d. Marginal revenue is constant. ANSCPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPM arginal revenue Average revenueMSCInterpretive 76. For a firm in a perfectly competitive market, the price of the good is always a. equal to marginal revenue. b. equal to total revenue. c. greater than average revenue. d. equal to the firms efficient scale of output. ANSAPTS1DIF1REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPMarginal revenue MSCInterpretive 77. Suppose a firm in a competitive market produces and sells 8 units of output and has a marginal revenue of $8. 00. What would be the firms total revenue if it instead produced and sold 4 units of output? a. $4 b. $8 c. $32 d. $64 ANSCPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPMarginal revenue MSCApplicative 78. Whenever a perfectly competitive firm chooses to change its level of output, its marginal revenue a. increases if MR ATC and decreases if MR ATC. b. does not change. c. increases. d. decreases. ANSBPTS1DIF1REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPMarginal revenue MSCInterpretive 79. Suppose that in a competitive market the equilibrium price is $2. 50.What is marginal revenue for the last unit sold by the typical firm in this market? a. less than $2. 50 b. more than $2. 50 c. exactly $2. 50 d. The marginal revenue cannot be determined without knowing the actual quantity sold by the typical firm. ANSCPTS1DIF1REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPMarginal revenue MSCInterpretive 80. For an individual firm operating in a competitive market, marginal revenue equals a. average revenue and the price for all levels of output. b. average revenue, which is greater than the price for all levels of output. c. average revenue, the price, and marginal cost for all levels of output. d. marginal cost, which is greater than average revenue for all levels of output. ANSAPTS1DIF2REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competition TOPMarginal revenue Average revenueMSCInterpretive 81. If the market elasticity of demand for potatoes is -0. 3 in a perfectly competitive market, then the in dividual farmers elasticity of demand a. will also be -0. 3. b. depends on how large a crop the farmer produces. c. will range between -0. 3 and -1. 0. d. will be infinite. ANSDPTS1DIF3REF14-1 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPElasticity MSCAnalytical make Maximization and the Competitive Firms Supply Curve 1. IF A COMPETITIVE FIRM IS CURRENTLY PRODUCING A direct OF OUTPUT AT WHICH MARGINAL REVENUE EXCEEDS MARGINAL COST, THEN a. a one-unit increase in output will increase the firms profit. b. a one-unit decrease in output will increase the firms profit. c. total revenue exceeds total cost. d. total cost exceeds total revenue. ANSAPTS1DIF2REF14-2 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive firms MSCAnalytical 2. If a competitive firm is electric currently producing a level of output at which marginal cost exceeds marginal revenue, then a. a one-unit increase in output will increase the firms profit. b. a one-unit decrease in output will increase the firms profit. c. total revenue exceeds total cost. d. total cost exceeds total revenue. ANSBPTS1DIF2REF14-2 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive firms MSCAnalytical 3. If a competitive firm is currently producing a level of output at which marginal cost exceeds marginal revenue, then a. average revenue exceeds marginal cost. b. the firm is earning a positive profit. c. decreasing output would increase the firms profit. d. All of the above are correct. ANSCPTS1DIF2REF14-2 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive firms MSCAnalytical 4. Comparing marginal revenue to marginal cost (i) reveals the contribution of the last unit of production to total profit. (ii) is helpful in making profit-maximizing production decisions. (iii) tells a firm whether its fixed costs are too high. a. (i) only b. (i) and (ii) only c. (ii) and (iii) only d. (i) and (iii) only ANSBPTS1DIF2REF14-2NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive firms MSCInterpretive 5. At the profit-maximizing level of output, a. marginal revenue equals average total cost. b. marginal revenue equals average variable cost. c. marginal revenue equals marginal cost. d. average revenue equals average total cost. ANSCPTS1DIF2REF14-2 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive firms MSCInterpretive 6. The intersection of a firms marginal revenue and marginal cost curves determines the level of output at which a. total revenue is equal to variable cost. b. total revenue is equal to fixed cost. c. total revenue is equal to total cost. d. profit is maximized. ANSDPTS1DIF2REF14-2NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive firms MSCInterpretive 7. For a certain firm, the 100th unit of output that the firm produces has a marginal revenue of $10 and a marginal cost of $7. It follows that the a. production of the 100th unit of output increases the firms profit by $3. b. production of the 100th unit of output increases the firms average total cost by $7. c. firms profit-maximizing leve l of output is less than 100 units. d. production of the 99th unit of output must increase the firms profit by less than $3. ANSAPTS1DIF2REF14-2 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive firms MSCAnalytical 8.For a certain firm, the 100th unit of output that the firm produces has a marginal revenue of $10 and a marginal cost of $11. It follows that the a. production of the 100th unit of output increases the firms profit by $1. b. production of the 100th unit of output increases the firms average total cost by $1. c. firms profit-maximizing level of output is less than 100 units. d. production of the 110th unit of output must increase the firms profit but by less than $1. ANSCPTS1DIF2REF14-2 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive firms MSCAnalytical 9. A certain competitive firm sells its output for $20 per unit. The 50th unit of output that the firm produces has a marginal cost of $22.Production of the 50th unit of output does not necessarily a. increase the fir ms total revenue by $20. b. increase the firms total cost by $22. c. decrease the firms profit by $2. d. increase the firms average variable cost by $0. 44. ANSDPTS1DIF3REF14-2 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive firms MSCAnalytical 10. Sam sells soybeans to a broker in Chicago, Illinois. Because the market for soybeans is generally considered to be competitive, Sam maximizes his profit by choosing a. to produce the quantity at which average variable cost is minimized. b. to produce the quantity at which average fixed cost is minimized. c. to sell at a price where marginal cost is equal to average total cost. d. the quantity at which market price is equal to Sams marginal cost of production. ANSDPTS1DIF2REF14-2 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive firms MSCAnalytical 11. If a competitive firm is selling 1,000 units of its product at a price of $9 per unit and earning a positive profit, then a. its total cost is less than $9,000. b. its marginal revenue is less than $9. c. its average revenue is greater than $9. d. the firm cannot be a competitive firm because competitive firms cannot earn positive profits. ANSAPTS1DIF2REF14-2NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive firms MSCAnalytical 12. If a competitive firm is selling 1,000 units of its product at a price of $8 per unit and earning a positive profit, then a. its average revenue is greater than $8. b. its marginal revenue is less than $8. c. its total cost is less than $8,000. d. All of the above are correct. ANSCPTS1DIF2REF14-2 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive firms MSCAnalytical 13. Max sells uses. The map industry is competitive. Max hires a business adviser to analyze his companys financial records. The consultant recommends that Max increase his production. The consultant must have concluded that Maxs a. total revenues exceed his total accounting costs. b. marginal revenue exceeds his total cost. c. marginal revenue exceeds his marginal cos t. d. marginal cost exceeds his marginal revenue. ANSCPTS1DIF2REF14-2 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive firms MSCInterpretive 14. Christopher is a professional tennis player who gives tennis lessons. The industry is competitive. Christopher hires a business consultant to analyze his financial records. The consultant recommends that Christopher give fewer tennis lessons. The consultant must have concluded that Christophers a. total revenues exceed his total accounting costs. b. marginal revenue exceeds his total cost. c. marginal revenue exceeds his marginal cost. d. marginal cost exceeds his marginal revenue. ANSDPTS1DIF2REF14-2 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive firms MSCInterpretive 15. Laura is a gourmet chef who runs a small catering business in a competitive industry. Laura specializes in making marry cakes. Laura sells 20 wedding cakes per month. Her monthly total revenue is $5,000. The marginal cost of making a wedding cake is $300. In order to maximize profits, Laura should a. acquit more than 20 wedding cakes per month. b. make fewer than 20 wedding cakes per month. c. continue to make 20 wedding cakes per month. d. We do not have liberal information with which to answer the question. ANSBPTS1DIF3REF14-2 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive firms MSCAnalytical 16. Laura is a gourmet chef who runs a small catering business in a competitive industry. Laura specializes in making wedding cakes. Laura sells 20 wedding cakes per month. Her monthly total revenue is $5,000. The marginal cost of making a wedding cake is $200. In order to maximize profits, Laura should a. make more than 20 wedding cakes per month. b. make fewer than 20 wedding cakes per month. c. continue to make 20 wedding cakes per month. d. We do not have passable information with which to answer the question. ANSAPTS1DIF3REF14-2 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive firms MSCAnalytical 17. Marcia is a fashion designer who run s a small clothing business in a competitive industry. Marcia specializes in making designer dresses. Marcia sells 10 dresses per month. Her monthly total revenue is $5,000. The marginal cost of making a dress is $400. In order to maximize profits, Marcia should a. make more than 10 dresses per month. b. make fewer than 10 dresses per month. c. continue to make 10 dresses per month. d. We do not have affluent information with which to answer the question. ANSAPTS1DIF3REF14-2NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive firms MSCAnalytical 18. Marcia is a fashion designer who runs a small clothing business in a competitive industry. Marcia specializes in making designer dresses. Marcia sells 10 dresses per month. Her monthly total revenue is $5,000. The marginal cost of making a dress is $500. In order to maximize profits, Marcia should a. make more than 10 dresses per month. b. make fewer than 10 dresses per month. c. continue to make 10 dresses per month. d. We do not hav e enough information with which to answer the question. ANSCPTS1DIF3REF14-2 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive firms MSCAnalytical 19.Marcia is a fashion designer who runs a small clothing business in a competitive industry. Marcia specializes in making designer dresses. Marcia sells 10 dresses per month. Her monthly total revenue is $5,000. The marginal cost of making a dress is $600. In order to maximize profits, Marcia should a. make more than 10 dresses per month. b. make fewer than 10 dresses per month. c. continue to make 10 dresses per month. d. We do not have enough information with which to answer the question. ANSBPTS1DIF3REF14-2 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive firms MSCAnalytical 20. A competitive firm has been selling its output for $20 per unit and has been maximizing its profit, which is positive.Then, the price rises to $25, and the firm makes whatever adjustments are necessary to maximize its profit at the now-higher price. Once the firm has adjusted, its a. quantity of output is higher than it was previously. b. average total cost is higher than it was previously. c. marginal revenue is higher than it was previously. d. All of the above are correct. ANSDPTS1DIF3REF14-2 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive firms MSCInterpretive 21. A competitive firm has been selling its output for $20 per unit and has been maximizing its profit, which is positive. Then, the price falls to $18, and the firm makes whatever adjustments are necessary to maximize its profit at the now-lower price. Once the firm has adjusted, its a. quantity of output is lower than it was previously. b. average total cost is lower than it was previously. c. marginal cost is higher than it was previously. d. All of the above are correct. ANSAPTS1DIF2REF14-2 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive firms MSCInterpretive 22. A competitive firm has been selling its output for $10 per unit and has been maximizing its profit. The n, the price rises to $14, and the firm makes whatever adjustments are necessary to maximize its profit at the now-higher price. Once the firm has adjusted, its a. marginal revenue is lower than it was previously. b. marginal cost is lower than it was previously. c. quantity of output is higher than it was previously. d. All of the above are correct. ANSCPTS1DIF2REF14-2 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive firms MSCInterpretive 23. When profit-maximizing firms in competitive markets are earning profits, a. market demand must exceed market supply at the market equilibrium price. b. market supply must exceed market demand at the market equilibrium price. c. new firms will enter the market. d. the most inefficient firms will be encouraged to leave the market. ANSCPTS1DIF2REF14-2 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive markets MSCInterpretive Table 14-7Suppose that a firm in a competitive market faces the following revenues and costs Marginal Marginal Quanti ty Cost Revenue 12 $5 $9 13 $6 $9 14 $7 $9 15 $8 $9 16 $9 $9 17 $10 $9 24. Refer to Table 14-7. If the firm is currently producing 14 units, what would you advise the owners? a. decrease quantity to 13 units b. increase quantity to 17 units c. continue to operate at 14 units d. increase quantity to 16 units ANSDPTS1DIF1REF14-2 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOP simoleons maximization MSCApplicative 25. Refer to Table 14-7. If the firm is maximizing profit, how much profit is it earning? a. $0 b. $1 c. $10 d. There is insufficient data to determine the firms profit. ANSDPTS1DIF2REF14-2 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPProfit MSCApplicative Table 14-8Suppose that a firm in a competitive market faces the following revenues and costs Quantity Total Revenue Total Cost 0 $0 $3 1 $7 $5 2 $14 $8 3 $21 $12 4 $28 $17 5 $35 $23 6 $42 $30 7 $49 $38 26. Refer to Table 14-8.The firm will not produce an output level beyond a. 4 units. b. 5 units. c. 6 units. d. 7 units. ANSCPTS1DIF2REF14-2 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPProfit maximization MSCApplicative 27. Refer to Table 14-8. The firm will produce a quantity greater than 4 because at 4 units of output, marginal cost a. is less than marginal revenue. b. equals marginal revenue. c. is greater than marginal revenue. d. is minimized. ANSAPTS1DIF2REF14-2 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPProfit maximization MSCApplicative 28. Refer to Table 14-8. In order to maximize profits, the firm will produce a. 1 unit of output because marginal cost is minimized. b. 4 units of output because marginal revenue exceeds marginal cost. c. 6 units of output because marginal revenue equals marginal cost. d. 8 units of output because total revenue is maximized. ANSCPTS1DIF2REF14-2 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPProfit maximization MSCApplicative Table 14-9 Suppose that a firm in a competitive market faces the following revenues and costs Quantity Total Revenue Total Cost 0 $0 $10 1 $9 $1 4 2 $18 $19 3 $27 $25 4 $36 $32 5 $45 $40 6 $54 $49 7 $63 $59 8 $72 $70 9 $81 $82 29. Refer to Table 14-9. If the firm produces 4 units of output, a. marginal cost is $4. b. total revenue is greater than variable cost. c. marginal revenue is less than marginal cost. d. the firm is maximizing profit. ANSBPTS1DIF2REF14-2 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPCompetitive firms MSCAnalytical 30. Refer to Table 14-9. At which quantity of output is marginal revenue equal to marginal cost? a. 3 units b. 6 units c. 8 units d. 9 units ANSBPTS1DIF2REF14-2 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPProfit maximization MSCApplicative 31. Refer to Table 14-9. In order to maximize profit, the firm will produce a level of output where marginal revenue is equal to a. $6. b. $7. c. $8. d. $9. ANSDPTS1DIF2REF14-2NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPProfit maximization MSCApplicative 32. Refer to Table 14-9. In order to maximize profit, the firm will produce a level of output whe re marginal cost is equal to a. $5. b. $7. c. $9. d. $10. ANSCPTS1DIF2REF14-2 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPProfit maximization MSCApplicative 33. Refer to Table 14-9. The maximum profit available to the firm is a. $2. b. $3. c. $4. d. $5. ANSDPTS1DIF2REF14-2 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPProfit maximization MSCApplicative 34. Refer to Table 14-9. If the firms marginal cost is $11, it should a. increase production to maximize profit. b. increase the price of the product to maximize profit. c. advertise to guide additional buyers to maximize profit. d. reduce production to increase profit. ANSDPTS1DIF2REF14-2 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPProfit maximization MSCAnalytical 35. Refer to Table 14-9. If the firms marginal cost is $5, it should a. reduce fixed costs by lowering production. b. increase production to maximize profit. c. decrease production to maximize profit. d. maintain its current level of production to maximize profit. ANSBPTS1DIF2REF14 -2 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPProfit maximization MSCAnalytical Table 14-10Suppose that a firm in a competitive market faces the following revenues and costs Quantity Total Revenue Total Cost 0 $0 $3 1 $7 $5 2 $14 $9 3 $21 $15 4 $28 $23 5 $35 $33 6 $42 $45 7 $49 $59 36. Refer to Table 14-10. The marginal cost of producing the 4th unit is a. $7. b. $8. c. $10. d. $23. ANSBPTS1DIF2REF14-2 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPMarginal cost MSCApplicative 37. Refer to Table 14-10. At which level of production will the firm maximize profit? a. 3 units b. 4 units c. 5 units d. 6 units ANSAPTS1DIF2REF14-2 NATAnalyticLOCPerfect competitionTOPProfit maximization MSCApplicative 38. Refer to Table 14-10. If the firm produces the profit-maximizing level of production, how much profit will the firm earn? a. $2 b. $4 c. $6 d. $8 ANSCPTS1DIF2REF14-2

Bandag Automative Case Study Essay

1. Given Bandag Autos size, and anything else you know about it, explain wherefore and how the human resource management function should be reorganized. sufficeFirstly, we recommend that Bandag Automotive form a unsanded, separate Human Resources Unit that pass on be dedicated to the Bandags clean strategy. Bandag Automotive does non have a business strategy, so the new Human Resource Unit leave try this statement, which will allow strategic human resources to operate Bandag Automotives business strategy is to achieve superior levels of customer service and high favourableness through a highly committed workforce. Jim will no longer have direct HR responsibilities with the employees everything will be handled through the new HR organization chart. The new HR manager will help formulate business strategies and policies and identify workforce requirements. Jims father has a lot of look with the company and has created an excellent relationship with the employees. He will be a g ood advisor for the new HR manager. The new HR manager will have these tasks, pulled from the Department of Labors O*NET * Serve as a link between management and employees by handling questions, interpretation and administering contracts and helping resolve work-related problems.* Analyze and modify compensation and benefits policies to establish competitive programs and ensure compliance with legal requirements. * Advise managers on organizational policy matters such(prenominal) as equal employment opportunity and sexual harassment, and recommend needed changes. * Perform difficult staffing duties, including dealing with understaffing, refereeing disputes, firing employees, and administering disciplinary procedures. * Plan and steer new employee orientation to foster positive attitude toward organizational objectives. * Identify staff vacancies and recruit, interview and select applicants.* Plan, direct, supervise, and coordinate work activities of subordinates and staff relating to employment, compensation, labor relations, and employee relations. * Plan, organize, direct, domination or coordinate the personnel, training, or labor relations activities of an organization. * Represent organization at personnel-related hearings and investigations. * Administer compensation, benefits and performance management systems, and safety andrecreation programs. The new HR manager with the help of Jims father, will survey the current employees to get to know them better and to prepare for job analysis.2. Recommend what Bandag should change and/or rectify upon regarding the current HR systems, forms, and practices the company now uses.AnswerBandag should revoke all contacts with the external HR firm that had been hired previously. Now, the new HR manager will completely separate Bandag from the external agencies. He will have prepared the HR policies that work along with the companys new strategy. All require forms will be internally generated. To ensure independence from the HR agencies, the manager will recruit two HR assistants to assist. One will be obligated for the recruiting, orienting, and training of new employee and employee advocacy. The second will be responsible for evaluating current employees, tracking promotions, proper counseling and firing of employees, and training current employees on new policies. Of course, the legal part of HR that Jim had many problems with will now be the responsibility of the HR manager.Finally, Jim, Jims father, and HR will evaluate the effect of the new unit on Bandag Automotive and its HR issues. The problems facing Bandag automotive result from a lack of a dedicated HR staff. Jims policies are not wrong, but they are applied in the wrong way. If the HR unit is not created it will lead to continuing problems and the gap between the employees and employer will be increased. In the end, poor HR management will give Bandag Automotive a bad reputation and will lead to a drop in quality, loss of custome rs and lower profit.3. Jim fired an employee for creating what the manager called a poisonous relationship. Explain whether or not the employee has a countenance contract against the company and the actions the company should take.Answer henry Jacques was fired because his manager reported that while he was doing the technical part of his job well, he had serious problems interacting with his coworkers and was making his store poisonous. Jim ap upholdd Henrys dismissal. Though Henrys manager had heard that he has a mental illness, he did not take that into account when evaluating Henry. Henry in like manner never brought it to his managements attention if he indeed has a mental illness.In that case Henry does not have a legitimate claim against Bandag Automotive. He was warned in his performance appraisals that he had problems working in a team environment, and he never brought up the fact that he has a disability. According to the Americans with Disabilities Act, the employee mu st establish he has a covered disability.Also, we do not have enough information on Henrys claim to know if this is his defense. We believe he was fired appropriately however, the right thing to do in this situation was to first transfer Henry to another pip and to give him a final warning. In this position, most of his work should not be on a team. If he continues to be problematic when working on his own, a discharge would be more appropriate.4. Miriam, the controller, is basically claiming that the company is retaliating against her for being pregnant, and that the fact that the company raised performance issues was just a smokescreen. Explain whether or not the EEOC and/or courts would agree with her and the actions the company should take now.AnswerMiriam had been with Bandag Automotive for six years. She went on pregnancy leave for twelve weeks under the FMLA, and then stock an extra three-week leave under Bandags extended-illness-days program. Miriam was recently fired by Ji m because she had been turning her budgets in late and possibly forged some documents. If we assume that Jims claims are solid, he had a right to fire her for misconduct. We believe that her claim of wrongful discharge related to her pregnancy is unfounded. The Equal Employment Opportunity tutelage (EEOC), in our opinion, will not agree with her and will not fight the case on her behalf.In addition, she resumed work for three months after her leave, and may be angry because her request to adjust her schedule was refused. If she wasnt happy with her schedule she could have quit. Bandags HR system failed here because a job comment and contract could have prescribed specific working hours, which she would have to abide by.5. An employee who is deaf has asked to switch jobs to be a delivery person and he was moody down. He is now threatening to sue. Recommend what the company should do and describe why.AnswerA truck maintenance employee who is deaf, applied for a job parkway one of Bandags distribution trucks, and Jim directly turned him down because ofhis disability. We believe that the employee will win if he sues Jim, unless Jim can prove that the employee was denied because there were more suitable applicants and in no way because of his disability. Yet it is still pretty risky because the court system is very strict about the Americans with Disabilities Act. If the deaf employee can prove that Jim thinks that is absurd for a disabled person to drive a truck, he will win and cause monetary and public damages to the company. Our solution to mitigate the problem is to rescreen all applicants, including the employee to see if he is qualified for the job. If he is, offer him the job if he is still interested, and he will hopefully drop the case.

Hunting Snake vs the Cockroach Essay

Discuss the following poems, Hunting Snake and The Cockroach, commenting in particular on the ways in which the poets draw and quarter their respective creatures. The poems Hunting Snake by Judith Wright and The Cockroach by Kevin Halligan are both very metaphorical in their comparisons between creatures and humanity. Both poems are most animals in an undisturbed environment and their subsequent interaction with human beings, and a language feature that is common in both poems is an extended metaphor. The ambiguity of the form of address in Hunting Snake is quite important.It is impossible to differentiate from the title alone whether it is the snake being hunted, or if it is the snake which is doing the hunting. Similarly, the title of The Cockroach gives no further details to the poem apart from the obvious fact that a cockroach will feature prominently. This allows the reader a greater range of exposition Both poems can be seen as representations of humanity. Judith Wright was born in Australia and held an intense fascination of the countryside and the indigenous Aboriginal throng. It is perhaps no coincidence, then, that her poem may booster cable at aspects of Australian life.The black snake could be seen to represent the Aboriginal people, whilst the people who see this snake may represent the English colonisers who came to inhabit Australia. They both fear and revere the snake not only do they appreciate its dangerous beauty, but at the same time they treat it as a wild animal. This is a potential metaphor for the racial divide between the Aboriginals and Englishmen which still exists to a limited extent even today. Meanwhile, The Cockroach explores human reputation first hinted in the fact that the cockroach is described as being giant.This idea is then developed through personification the verbs trace, cut short and circle are all normally associated with human behaviours. These actions could be a metaphor for the restlessness of human nature . Despite the cockroach being described as quite satisfied, it soon tires of this monotony and chooses to move on and begins to jog in crooked rings. This could represent how we as humans are easy bored of our lives, and instead of being content with what we have we always want more. A cockroach is normally viewed as a repulsive animal people are normally very eager to kill it if they happen across one in their household.

Gender, income and wealth Essay

sex activity is a term that has been used domainy times to describe the different social roles that work force and women piece of cake in the society. It is too used to explain the biological difference between a man and a woman. However, gender violence, whether on men or on women varies with different communities. Even up to date, there be some societies that still emphasize on the roles and tasks that just men or women arse do. Scientific studies on the social life of humans dedicate shown that we are the ones who create inequality amongst ourselves by defining the roles that we should hire and leaving those that we dont want to others. Gender difference is however important because it gives the rights and privileges to both women and men. only when if viewed from a negative perspective, gender inequality cannister be defied as a world large-minded problem.Gender is one of the many determinants of what income a person should be given. In some countries, it is easy for men to get well paying jobs over women. This is especially the case in the developing countries where the level of teaching method does not really matter when it comes to job hunting. The situation gets even worse where the big jobs can only be given to the men because it is mootd that they are better at decision making than women. Statistics have proven that 46 percent of all labor consists of women. However, women represent 75 percent of all the laborers with the lowest income or wages, and only 13 percent represent women of the best paid laborers.The gender factor is also seen to subscribe effect at many homes, where many people believe that a husband should be earning more than than than the wife. Many husbands feel inferior, especially when they are unable to provide for their families and the wives take on the role of the provider. They believe that they should be the heads of the family and should be in charge of the major activities, including making important decision s. The fact that wives should be tame to their husbands should not be mistaken as a reason to be discriminated. In general we can say that the world is facing major challenges because of gender inequality. (Karuna Jaggar, 2007)It is not so easy to measure the relative of gender to wealth. This is because most of the wealth is common within members of the same house hold, which consists of both a man and a woman. However, it is a fact that men are likely to own more assets than women. Women dont normally own such investments as bonds, stocks or other financial assets as much as men do. Furthermore, most men have retirement accounts, while most women do not have such accounts, and in addition to that, the pensions of women in most cases are less than those of the men. The gender factor also shows that non unite households are not as wealthy as the married households. Also, dissociated women contri bute more to the labor market as compared to the married women. Married women will fe el financially secure because of their husbands, but after they are divorced, their economic condition is affected a lot. The same case applies to widowed women.However, divorce does not have a big effect on the men as it has on the women, because they are always working so their wealth is not affected so much. Women who have never been married own the least wealth of all the house holds. They are said to own only a quarter of the wealth that the non married men own. From the late 1980s, the women initiatives have been helping the women to improve their financial warranter by advising them to start up small micro enterprises. The reason behind the start of the businesses is because they have very(prenominal) low start up costs, and are hence affordable to the women. Micro enterprises are competent, marketable, and require simplistic management by the owners. These businesses help women with low wealth and poor incomes to improve their financial status. (Karuna Jaggar, 2007) In ge neral, we can say that gender inequality is a factor that is pulling the efforts to civilization behind and needs to be addressed.References1) Chang, Mariko, 2007, His and Hers Explaining the Gender Wealth Gap, retrieved on 1/30/2009 from http//www.allacademic.com/meta/p109260_index.html2) Edlund Lena, Kopczuk Wojciech, 2007, Women, wealth and mobility National bureau of economic research, pertly York, Cambridge press3) Karuna Jaggar, 2007, The Race and Gender Wealth Gap, retrieved on 1/30/2009 from http//urbanhabitat.org/node/2815